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Moses and Aaron before Pharoah by Gustov Doré (larger image) Pharaoh is a title used to refer to any ruler, usually male, of the Egyptian kingdom in the pre-Christian, pre-Islamic period. An absolute, all powerful, all providing ruler. Such rulers were believed to be the reincarnation of Horus.
From the Twelfth Dynasty onwards the word appears in a wish formula 'Great House, may it live, prosper and be in health', but only with reference to the buildings of the court rather than the king himself. 10So Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and did just as the LORD commanded. Aaron threw his staff down in front of Pharaoh and his officials, and it became a snake. - Exodus 7:10
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Akhenaten (‘He who is of service to the Aten’ or ‘Effective Spirit of Aten’) began his reign under the name Amenhotep IV (‘Amun is satisfied’). As the son of Amenhotep III, he inherited a prosperous and peaceful nation. He was crowned pharaoh with all of the usual flair and began an apparently normal reign.[1] (larger image) However, the earliest certain instance where pr-`3 is used specifically to address the king is in a letter to Amenhotep IV (Akhenaten) in the mid-Eighteenth Dynasty (1539-1292 BC) which is addressed to 'Pharaoh, given life, prosperity and health, the Master'.From the Nineteenth Dynasty onwards pr-`3 on its own was used as regularly as hm.f 'His Majesty'. The term therefore evolved from one specifically referring to a building to a respectful designation for the king, particularly by the Twenty-Second Dynasty and Twenty-Third Dynasty. By this time, the Late Egyptian word is reconstructed to have been pronounced *par-?o? whence comes Ancient Greek fa?a? pharao and then Late Latin pharao. From the latter, English obtained the word "pharaoh". Over time, *par-?o? evolved into Sahidic Coptic prro and then rro (by mistaking p- as the definite article prefix "the" from Ancient Egyptian p3). Ramesses IIThe king of Egypt wore a double crown, created from the Red Crown of Lower Egypt and the White Crown of Upper Egypt. It was adorned by a uraeus, which was doubled under the Twenty-fifth Dynasty. |
Ramesses II reclaimed Egypt‘s lost glory through war against Syria and through various peace treaties (larger image) Egyptologist Bob Brier has noted that despite its widespread depiction in royal portraits, no actual ancient Egyptian crown has been discovered. Tutankhamun's tomb, discovered largely intact, did contain such regal items as his crook and flail, but not a crown. Crowns were assumed to have magical properties, and Brier's speculation is that there were items a dead pharaoh could not take with him which therefore had to be passed along to his living successor.TitlesThe official titulary of the king by the Middle Kingdom consisted of five names; for some rulers, only one or two of them may be known.Of the three great non-consort Queens of Egypt (Hatshepsut, Sobeknefru and Twosret), at least Hatshepsut took the title in the absence of an existing word for "Queen-regnant".
Also notable is Nefertiti who was made co-regent (the pharaoh's equal) during the reign of Akhenaten. Some scholars further suspect that her disappearance coincides with the rise of Smenkhkare to the throne after Akhenaten's death, making Nefertiti yet another female pharaoh in Egyptian history.
Pharaohs in the BibleAt the period of the eighteenth dynasty (sixteenth to fourteenth centuries B. C.) the title is found in common use as a reverential designation of the king. About the beginning of the twenty-second dynasty (tenth to eighth centuries B. C.), instead of being used alone as heretofore, it began to be added to the other titles before the king's name, and from the twenty-fifth dynasty (eighth to seventh centuries B. C.) it was, at least in ordinary usage, the only title prefixed to the royal appellative. Meanwhile the old custom of referring to the sovereign simply as Per‘o still obtained in narratives.The Biblical use of the term reflects Egyptian usage with fair accuracy. The early kings are always mentioned under the general title Pharaoh, or Pharaoh the King of Egypt; but personal names begin to appear with the twenty-second dynasty, though the older designation is still used, especially when contemporary rulers are spoken of. The absence of proper names in the first books of the Bible is no indication of the late date of their composition and of writer's vague knowledge of Egyptian history, rather the contrary. The same is true of the use of the title Pharao for kings earlier than the eighteenth dynasty, which is quite in keeping with Egyptian usage at the time of the nineteenth dynasty. The first king mentioned by name is Shishaq (probably Sheshonk I), the founder of the twenty-second dynasty and contemporary of Rehoboam and Jeroboam (1 Kings 11:40; 2 Chronicles 12:2). Pharaoh is not prefixed to his name probably because the Hebrews had not yet become familiarized with the new style.
The next, Sua or So, ally of Osee, King of Israel (2 Kings 17:4), is commonly identified with Shabaka, the founder of the twenty-fifth dynasty, but he was probably an otherwise unknown local dynast prior to Shabaka's reign. Winckler's opinion that he was a ruler of Musri in North Arabia, though accepted by many, is without sufficient foundation. Tharaca, who was the opponent of Sennacherib, is called King of Ethiopia (2 Kings 19:9; Isaiah 37:9), and hence is not given the title Pharao which he bears in Egyptian documents.
Nekau II, who defeated Josiah (2 Kings 23:29; 2 Chronicles 35:20), and Ephree or Hophra, the contemporary of Sedecius (Jeremiah 44:30), are styled Pharaoh Neco and Pharaoh Ephree, according to the then Egyptian usage. |
Unnamed Pharaohs of the Bible- The uncertainties attaching to ancient chronology make it impossible to determine the identity of the Pharaoh who ruled over Egypt when the patriarch Abraham arrived in the country. The Massoretic text gives 1125 years between Abraham's migration to Chanaan (Canaan) and the building of the temple, whereas the Septuagint allows 870. As the building is placed about 1010 B. C. by some scholars, and about 969 B. C. by others, the date of Abraham's migration would be 2135 or 2094 B. C. for the Massoretic text, and 1880 or 1839 B. C. for the Septuagint. Ancient Egyptian chronology is as uncertain as that of the Bible. If Meyer's dates, adopted in the article Egypt, are correct, Abraham's journey to Egypt would have to be referred to the reign of one of the Mentuhoteps of the eleventh dynasty, or to that of either Usertesen (Sesotris) III, or Amenemhet III of the twelfth. However, the Haggada holds that Pharaohs at the time of Abraham were Ashwerosh and Rakayan, both nearly identical to Auserra Apopi and Khayan, two of the last Hyksos Pharaohs.
- It is generally thought that Joseph held office under one of the shepherd - or Hyksos kings, who ruled in Egypt between the twelfth and eighteenth dynasties, and were finally expelled by Ahmose I shortly after 1580 BC. The length of their rule is unknown, but probably it did not last much over a hundred years. Joseph's tenure of office would accordingly be placed in the seventeenth century B. C., however, this date has never been used by anyone who associated Joseph with someone or a certain period, and this date is also very inconsistant with customs mentioned, which are mostly apparent in the New Kingdom. It is therefore unlikely. The names of four Hyksos kings are known to us from Egyptian monuments, Khyan and three Apophises. The Pharaoh who Joseph served was said to be named Magron in the Haggada, the Egyptian form of this name appears in the throne names of both Tuthmosis IV and Amenhotep III.
- The Pharaoh of the Hebrews' Oppression in -and the Exodus out of Egypt. The Haggada says that this Pharaoh was named Malol. The Egyptian form of this name, Merur, appears in the throne names of two Pharaohs, Amenhotep III and Horemheb.
- The Pharaoh with whom Adad sought refuge in the time of King David (1 Kings 11:17) was a king of the twenty-first dynasty, either Paynozem or Amenemope.
- King Solomon's father-in-law (1 Kings 3:1) may have been Amenemope, Siamon or Pesibkhenno II.
- The Pharaoh mentioned in 2 Kings 18:21 and Isaiah 36:6 is by many thought to be Tharaca; but if the expedition of Sennacherib occurred in 701 B.C., as is generally held, there is little doubt that Shabaka, or possibly Shabataka, is the Pharaoh referred to. Tharaca came to the throne some years later, and the title King of Ethiopia (2 Kings 19:9; Isaiah 37:9) is given to him by anticipation.
- The unnamed Pharaoh of Jeremiah 25:19, is probably Nekau II, who is certainly meant in Jeremiah 46:17 and Jeremiah 47:1; elsewhere Ephree is intended. The latter is also the Pharaoh of Ezekiel.
Modern Day PharaohsLeaders who build megaprojects for the sheer pride of breaking records are considered "modern day pharaohs". Such projects include the Burj Dubai, Taipei 101. Any excessively large self sculpture is also considered "pharistic". Like the great pyramids, work is usually completed by the poorly paid underclass with little regard for their suffering. Projects that are of high practical use but nevertheless break records and benefit the masses, such as water works, mass transit, highways, sewage systems, etc are not considered "pharistic". Libya's Great Manmade River is an example of a non-pharistic project. Such megaprojects include the world's tallest buildings, which have little or no practical use where a more modest design could easily suffice.
Biblical References
- Genesis 12:15
And when Pharaoh's officials saw her, they praised her to Pharaoh, and she was taken into his palace. Genesis 12:14-16 (in Context)
- Genesis 12:17
But the LORD inflicted serious diseases on Pharaoh and his household because of Abram's wife Sarai. Genesis 12:16-18 (in Context)
- Genesis 12:18
So Pharaoh summoned Abram. "What have you done to me?" he said. "Why didn't you tell me she was your wife? Genesis 12:17-19 (in Context)
- Genesis 12:20
Then Pharaoh gave orders about Abram to his men, and they sent him on his way, with his wife and everything he had. Genesis 12:19-20 (in Context)
- Genesis 37:36
Meanwhile, the Midianites sold Joseph in Egypt to Potiphar, one of Pharaoh's officials, the captain of the guard. Genesis 37:35-36 (in Context)
- Genesis 39:1
[ Joseph and Potiphar's Wife ] Now Joseph had been taken down to Egypt. Potiphar, an Egyptian who was one of Pharaoh's officials, the captain of the guard, bought him from the Ishmaelites who had taken him there. Genesis 39:1-3 (in Context)
- Genesis 40:2
Pharaoh was angry with his two officials, the chief cupbearer and the chief baker, Genesis 40:1-3 (in Context)
- Genesis 40:7
So he asked Pharaoh's officials who were in custody with him in his master's house, "Why are your faces so sad today?" Genesis 40:6-8 (in Context)
- Genesis 40:11
Pharaoh's cup was in my hand, and I took the grapes, squeezed them into Pharaoh's cup and put the cup in his hand." Genesis 40:10-12 (in Context)
- Genesis 40:13
Within three days Pharaoh will lift up your head and restore you to your position, and you will put Pharaoh's cup in his hand, just as you used to do when you were his cupbearer. Genesis 40:12-14 (in Context)
- Genesis 40:14
But when all goes well with you, remember me and show me kindness; mention me to Pharaoh and get me out of this prison. Genesis 40:13-15 (in Context)
- Genesis 40:17
In the top basket were all kinds of baked goods for Pharaoh, but the birds were eating them out of the basket on my head." Genesis 40:16-18 (in Context)
- Genesis 40:19
Within three days Pharaoh will lift off your head and hang you on a tree. And the birds will eat away your flesh." Genesis 40:18-20 (in Context)
- Genesis 40:20
Now the third day was Pharaoh's birthday, and he gave a feast for all his officials. He lifted up the heads of the chief cupbearer and the chief baker in the presence of his officials: Genesis 40:19-21 (in Context)
- Genesis 40:21
He restored the chief cupbearer to his position, so that he once again put the cup into Pharaoh's hand, Genesis 40:20-22 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:1
[ Pharaoh's Dreams ] When two full years had passed, Pharaoh had a dream: He was standing by the Nile, Genesis 41:1-3 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:4
And the cows that were ugly and gaunt ate up the seven sleek, fat cows. Then Pharaoh woke up. Genesis 41:3-5 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:7
The thin heads of grain swallowed up the seven healthy, full heads. Then Pharaoh woke up; it had been a dream. Genesis 41:6-8 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:8
In the morning his mind was troubled, so he sent for all the magicians and wise men of Egypt. Pharaoh told them his dreams, but no one could interpret them for him. Genesis 41:7-9 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:9
Then the chief cupbearer said to Pharaoh, "Today I am reminded of my shortcomings. Genesis 41:8-10 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:10
Pharaoh was once angry with his servants, and he imprisoned me and the chief baker in the house of the captain of the guard. Genesis 41:9-11 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:14
So Pharaoh sent for Joseph, and he was quickly brought from the dungeon. When he had shaved and changed his clothes, he came before Pharaoh. Genesis 41:13-15 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:15
Pharaoh said to Joseph, "I had a dream, and no one can interpret it. But I have heard it said of you that when you hear a dream you can interpret it." Genesis 41:14-16 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:16
"I cannot do it," Joseph replied to Pharaoh, "but God will give Pharaoh the answer he desires." Genesis 41:15-17 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:17
Then Pharaoh said to Joseph, "In my dream I was standing on the bank of the Nile, Genesis 41:16-18 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:25
Then Joseph said to Pharaoh, "The dreams of Pharaoh are one and the same. God has revealed to Pharaoh what he is about to do. Genesis 41:24-26 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:28
"It is just as I said to Pharaoh: God has shown Pharaoh what he is about to do. Genesis 41:27-29 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:32
The reason the dream was given to Pharaoh in two forms is that the matter has been firmly decided by God, and God will do it soon. Genesis 41:31-33 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:33
"And now let Pharaoh look for a discerning and wise man and put him in charge of the land of Egypt. Genesis 41:32-34 (in Context)
Genesis 41:34 Let Pharaoh appoint commissioners over the land to take a fifth of the harvest of Egypt during the seven years of abundance. Genesis 41:33-35 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:35
They should collect all the food of these good years that are coming and store up the grain under the authority of Pharaoh, to be kept in the cities for food. Genesis 41:34-36 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:37
The plan seemed good to Pharaoh and to all his officials. Genesis 41:36-38 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:38
So Pharaoh asked them, "Can we find anyone like this man, one in whom is the spirit of God ?" Genesis 41:37-39 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:39
Then Pharaoh said to Joseph, "Since God has made all this known to you, there is no one so discerning and wise as you. Genesis 41:38-40 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:41
[ Joseph in Charge of Egypt ] So Pharaoh said to Joseph, "I hereby put you in charge of the whole land of Egypt." Genesis 41:40-42 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:42
Then Pharaoh took his signet ring from his finger and put it on Joseph's finger. He dressed him in robes of fine linen and put a gold chain around his neck. Genesis 41:41-43 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:44
Then Pharaoh said to Joseph, "I am Pharaoh, but without your word no one will lift hand or foot in all Egypt." Genesis 41:43-45 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:45
Pharaoh gave Joseph the name Zaphenath-Paneah and gave him Asenath daughter of Potiphera, priest of On, to be his wife. And Joseph went throughout the land of Egypt. Genesis 41:44-46 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:46
Joseph was thirty years old when he entered the service of Pharaoh king of Egypt. And Joseph went out from Pharaoh's presence and traveled throughout Egypt. Genesis 41:45-47 (in Context)
- Genesis 41:55
When all Egypt began to feel the famine, the people cried to Pharaoh for food. Then Pharaoh told all the Egyptians, "Go to Joseph and do what he tells you." Genesis 41:54-56 (in Context)
- Genesis 42:15
And this is how you will be tested: As surely as Pharaoh lives, you will not leave this place unless your youngest brother comes here. Genesis 42:14-16 (in Context)
- Genesis 42:16
Send one of your number to get your brother; the rest of you will be kept in prison, so that your words may be tested to see if you are telling the truth. If you are not, then as surely as Pharaoh lives, you are spies!" Genesis 42:15-17 (in Context)
- Genesis 44:18
Then Judah went up to him and said: "Please, my lord, let your servant speak a word to my lord. Do not be angry with your servant, though you are equal to Pharaoh himself. Genesis 44:17-19 (in Context)
- Genesis 45:2
And he wept so loudly that the Egyptians heard him, and Pharaoh's household heard about it.Genesis 45:1-3 (in Context)
- Genesis 45:8
"So then, it was not you who sent me here, but God. He made me father to Pharaoh, lord of his entire household and ruler of all Egypt. Genesis 45:7-9 (in Context)
- Genesis 45:16
When the news reached Pharaoh's palace that Joseph's brothers had come, Pharaoh and all his officials were pleased. Genesis 45:15-17 (in Context)
- Genesis 45:17
Pharaoh said to Joseph, "Tell your brothers, 'Do this: Load your animals and return to the land of Canaan, Genesis 45:16-18 (in Context)
- Genesis 45:21
So the sons of Israel did this. Joseph gave them carts, as Pharaoh had commanded, and he also gave them provisions for their journey. Genesis 45:20-22 (in Context)
- Genesis 46:5
Then Jacob left Beersheba, and Israel's sons took their father Jacob and their children and their wives in the carts that Pharaoh had sent to transport him. Genesis 46:4-6 (in Context)
- Genesis 46:31
Then Joseph said to his brothers and to his father's household, "I will go up and speak to Pharaoh and will say to him, 'My brothers and my father's household, who were living in the land of Canaan, have come to me. Genesis 46:30-32 (in Context)
- Genesis 46:33
When Pharaoh calls you in and asks, 'What is your occupation?' Genesis 46:32-34 (in Context)
- Genesis 47:1
Joseph went and told Pharaoh, "My father and brothers, with their flocks and herds and everything they own, have come from the land of Canaan and are now in Goshen." Genesis 47:1-3 (in Context)
- Genesis 47:2
He chose five of his brothers and presented them before Pharaoh.Genesis 47:1-3 (in Context)
- Genesis 47:3
Pharaoh asked the brothers, "What is your occupation?" "Your servants are shepherds," they replied to Pharaoh, "just as our fathers were." Genesis 47:2-4 (in Context)
- Genesis 47:5
Pharaoh said to Joseph, "Your father and your brothers have come to you, Genesis 47:4-6 (in Context)
- Genesis 47:7
Then Joseph brought his father Jacob in and presented him before Pharaoh. After Jacob blessed Pharaoh, Genesis 47:6-8 (in Context)
- Genesis 47:8
Pharaoh asked him, "How old are you?" Genesis 47:7-9 (in Context)
- Genesis 47:9
And Jacob said to Pharaoh, "The years of my pilgrimage are a hundred and thirty. My years have been few and difficult, and they do not equal the years of the pilgrimage of my fathers." Genesis 47:8-10 (in Context)
- Genesis 47:10
Then Jacob blessed Pharaoh and went out from his presence. Genesis 47:9-11 (in Context)
- Genesis 47:11
So Joseph settled his father and his brothers in Egypt and gave them property in the best part of the land, the district of Rameses, as Pharaoh directed. Genesis 47:10-12 (in Context)
- Genesis 47:14
Joseph collected all the money that was to be found in Egypt and Canaan in payment for the grain they were buying, and he brought it to Pharaoh's palace. Genesis 47:13-15 (in Context)
- Genesis 47:19
Why should we perish before your eyes—we and our land as well? Buy us and our land in exchange for food, and we with our land will be in bondage to Pharaoh. Give us seed so that we may live and not die, and that the land may not become desolate." Genesis 47:18-20 (in Context)
- Genesis 47:20
So Joseph bought all the land in Egypt for Pharaoh. The Egyptians, one and all, sold their fields, because the famine was too severe for them. The land became Pharaoh's, Genesis 47:19-21 (in Context)
- Genesis 47:22
However, he did not buy the land of the priests, because they received a regular allotment from Pharaoh and had food enough from the allotment Pharaoh gave them. That is why they did not sell their land. Genesis 47:21-23 (in Context)
- Genesis 47:23
Joseph said to the people, "Now that I have bought you and your land today for Pharaoh, here is seed for you so you can plant the ground. Genesis 47:22-24 (in Context)
- Genesis 47:24
But when the crop comes in, give a fifth of it to Pharaoh. The other four-fifths you may keep as seed for the fields and as food for yourselves and your households and your children." Genesis 47:23-25 (in Context)
- Genesis 47:25
"You have saved our lives," they said. "May we find favor in the eyes of our lord; we will be in bondage to Pharaoh." Genesis 47:24-26 (in Context)
- Genesis 47:26
So Joseph established it as a law concerning land in Egypt—still in force today—that a fifth of the produce belongs to Pharaoh. It was only the land of the priests that did not become Pharaoh's. Genesis 47:25-27 (in Context)
- Genesis 50:4
When the days of mourning had passed, Joseph said to Pharaoh's court, "If I have found favor in your eyes, speak to Pharaoh for me. Tell him, Genesis 50:3-5 (in Context)
- Genesis 50:6
Pharaoh said, "Go up and bury your father, as he made you swear to do." Genesis 50:5-7 (in Context)
- Genesis 50:7
So Joseph went up to bury his father. All Pharaoh's officials accompanied him—the dignitaries of his court and all the dignitaries of Egypt- Genesis 50:6-8 (in Context)
- Exodus 1:11
So they put slave masters over them to oppress them with forced labor, and they built Pithom and Rameses as store cities for Pharaoh. Exodus 1:10-12 (in Context)
- Exodus 1:19
The midwives answered Pharaoh, "Hebrew women are not like Egyptian women; they are vigorous and give birth before the midwives arrive." Exodus 1:18-20 (in Context)
- Exodus 1:22
Then Pharaoh gave this order to all his people: "Every boy that is born you must throw into the Nile, but let every girl live." Exodus 1:21-22 (in Context)
- Exodus 2:5
Then Pharaoh's daughter went down to the Nile to bathe, and her attendants were walking along the river bank. She saw the basket among the reeds and sent her slave girl to get it. Exodus 2:4-6 (in Context)
- Exodus 2:7
Then his sister asked Pharaoh's daughter, "Shall I go and get one of the Hebrew women to nurse the baby for you?" Exodus 2:6-8 (in Context)
- Exodus 2:9
Pharaoh's daughter said to her, "Take this baby and nurse him for me, and I will pay you." So the woman took the baby and nursed him. Exodus 2:8-10 (in Context)
- Exodus 2:10
When the child grew older, she took him to Pharaoh's daughter and he became her son. She named him Moses, saying, "I drew him out of the water." Exodus 2:9-11 (in Context)
- Exodus 2:15
When Pharaoh heard of this, he tried to kill Moses, but Moses fled from Pharaoh and went to live in Midian, where he sat down by a well. Exodus 2:14-16 (in Context)
- Exodus 3:10
So now, go. I am sending you to Pharaoh to bring my people the Israelites out of Egypt." Exodus 3:9-11 (in Context)
- Exodus 3:11
But Moses said to God, "Who am I, that I should go to Pharaoh and bring the Israelites out of Egypt?" Exodus 3:10-12 (in Context)
- Exodus 4:21
The LORD said to Moses, "When you return to Egypt, see that you perform before Pharaoh all the wonders I have given you the power to do. But I will harden his heart so that he will not let the people go. Exodus 4:20-22 (in Context)
- Exodus 4:22
Then say to Pharaoh, 'This is what the LORD says: Israel is my firstborn son, Exodus 4:21-23 (in Context)
- Exodus 5:1
[ Bricks Without Straw ] Afterward Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and said, "This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: 'Let my people go, so that they may hold a festival to me in the desert.' " Exodus 5:1-3 (in Context)
- Exodus 5:2
Pharaoh said, "Who is the LORD, that I should obey him and let Israel go? I do not know the LORD and I will not let Israel go." Exodus 5:1-3 (in Context)
- Exodus 5:5
Then Pharaoh said, "Look, the people of the land are now numerous, and you are stopping them from working." Exodus 5:4-6 (in Context)
- Exodus 5:6
That same day Pharaoh gave this order to the slave drivers and foremen in charge of the people: Exodus 5:5-7 (in Context)
- Exodus 5:10
Then the slave drivers and the foremen went out and said to the people, "This is what Pharaoh says: 'I will not give you any more straw. Exodus 5:9-11 (in Context)
- Exodus 5:14
The Israelite foremen appointed by Pharaoh's slave drivers were beaten and were asked, "Why didn't you meet your quota of bricks yesterday or today, as before?" Exodus 5:13-15 (in Context)
- Exodus 5:15
Then the Israelite foremen went and appealed to Pharaoh: "Why have you treated your servants this way? Exodus 5:14-16 (in Context)
- Exodus 5:17
Pharaoh said, "Lazy, that's what you are—lazy! That is why you keep saying, 'Let us go and sacrifice to the LORD.' Exodus 5:16-18 (in Context)
- Exodus 5:20
When they left Pharaoh, they found Moses and Aaron waiting to meet them,Exodus 5:19-21 (in Context)
- Exodus 5:21
and they said, "May the LORD look upon you and judge you! You have made us a stench to Pharaoh and his officials and have put a sword in their hand to kill us." Exodus 5:20-22 (in Context)
- Exodus 5:23
Ever since I went to Pharaoh to speak in your name, he has brought trouble upon this people, and you have not rescued your people at all." Exodus 5:22-23 (in Context)
- Exodus 6:1
Then the LORD said to Moses, "Now you will see what I will do to Pharaoh: Because of my mighty hand he will let them go; because of my mighty hand he will drive them out of his country." Exodus 6:1-3 (in Context)
- Exodus 6:11
"Go, tell Pharaoh king of Egypt to let the Israelites go out of his country." Exodus 6:10-12 (in Context)
- Exodus 6:12
But Moses said to the LORD, "If the Israelites will not listen to me, why would Pharaoh listen to me, since I speak with faltering lips ?" Exodus 6:11-13 (in Context)
- Exodus 6:13
[ Family Record of Moses and Aaron ] Now the LORD spoke to Moses and Aaron about the Israelites and Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he commanded them to bring the Israelites out of Egypt. Exodus 6:12-14 (in Context)
- Exodus 6:27
They were the ones who spoke to Pharaoh king of Egypt about bringing the Israelites out of Egypt. It was the same Moses and Aaron. Exodus 6:26-28 (in Context)
- Exodus 6:29
he said to him, "I am the LORD. Tell Pharaoh king of Egypt everything I tell you." Exodus 6:28-30 (in Context)
- Exodus 6:30
But Moses said to the LORD, "Since I speak with faltering lips, why would Pharaoh listen to me?" Exodus 6:29-30 (in Context)
- Exodus 7:1
Then the LORD said to Moses, "See, I have made you like God to Pharaoh, and your brother Aaron will be your prophet. Exodus 7:1-3 (in Context)
- Exodus 7:2
You are to say everything I command you, and your brother Aaron is to tell Pharaoh to let the Israelites go out of his country. Exodus 7:1-3 (in Context)
- Exodus 7:3
But I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and though I multiply my miraculous signs and wonders in Egypt, Exodus 7:2-4 (in Context)
- Exodus 7:7
Moses was eighty years old and Aaron eighty-three when they spoke to Pharaoh. Exodus 7:6-8 (in Context)
- Exodus 7:9
"When Pharaoh says to you, 'Perform a miracle,' then say to Aaron, 'Take your staff and throw it down before Pharaoh,' and it will become a snake." Exodus 7:8-10 (in Context)
- Exodus 7:10
So Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and did just as the LORD commanded. Aaron threw his staff down in front of Pharaoh and his officials, and it became a snake. Exodus 7:9-11 (in Context)
- Exodus 7:11
Pharaoh then summoned wise men and sorcerers, and the Egyptian magicians also did the same things by their secret arts: Exodus 7:10-12 (in Context)
- Exodus 7:13
Yet Pharaoh's heart became hard and he would not listen to them, just as the LORD had said. Exodus 7:12-14 (in Context)
- Exodus 7:14
[ The Plague of Blood ] Then the LORD said to Moses, "Pharaoh's heart is unyielding; he refuses to let the people go. Exodus 7:13-15 (in Context)
- Exodus 7:15
Go to Pharaoh in the morning as he goes out to the water. Wait on the bank of the Nile to meet him, and take in your hand the staff that was changed into a snake. Exodus 7:14-16 (in Context)
- Exodus 7:20
Moses and Aaron did just as the LORD had commanded. He raised his staff in the presence of Pharaoh and his officials and struck the water of the Nile, and all the water was changed into blood. Exodus 7:19-21 (in Context)
- Exodus 7:22
But the Egyptian magicians did the same things by their secret arts, and Pharaoh's heart became hard; he would not listen to Moses and Aaron, just as the LORD had said. Exodus 7:21-23 (in Context)
- Exodus 8:1
Then the LORD said to Moses, "Go to Pharaoh and say to him, 'This is what the LORD says: Let my people go, so that they may worship me. Exodus 8:1-3 (in Context)
- Exodus 8:8
Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron and said, "Pray to the LORD to take the frogs away from me and my people, and I will let your people go to offer sacrifices to the LORD." Exodus 8:7-9 (in Context)
- Exodus 8:9
Moses said to Pharaoh, "I leave to you the honor of setting the time for me to pray for you and your officials and your people that you and your houses may be rid of the frogs, except for those that remain in the Nile." Exodus 8:8-10 (in Context)
- Exodus 8:10
"Tomorrow," Pharaoh said. Moses replied, "It will be as you say, so that you may know there is no one like the LORD our God. Exodus 8:9-11 (in Context)
- Exodus 8:12
After Moses and Aaron left Pharaoh, Moses cried out to the LORD about the frogs he had brought on Pharaoh. Exodus 8:11-13 (in Context)
- Exodus 8:15
But when Pharaoh saw that there was relief, he hardened his heart and would not listen to Moses and Aaron, just as the LORD had said. Exodus 8:14-16 (in Context)
- Exodus 8:19
The magicians said to Pharaoh, "This is the finger of God." But Pharaoh's heart was hard and he would not listen, just as the LORD had said. Exodus 8:18-20 (in Context)
- Exodus 8:20
[ The Plague of Flies ] Then the LORD said to Moses, "Get up early in the morning and confront Pharaoh as he goes to the water and say to him, 'This is what the LORD says: Let my people go, so that they may worship me. Exodus 8:19-21 (in Context)
- Exodus 8:24
And the LORD did this. Dense swarms of flies poured into Pharaoh's palace and into the houses of his officials, and throughout Egypt the land was ruined by the flies. Exodus 8:23-25 (in Context)
- Exodus 8:25
Then Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron and said, "Go, sacrifice to your God here in the land."Exodus 8:24-26 (in Context)
- Exodus 8:28
Pharaoh said, "I will let you go to offer sacrifices to the LORD your God in the desert, but you must not go very far. Now pray for me." Exodus 8:27-29 (in Context)
- Exodus 8:29
Moses answered, "As soon as I leave you, I will pray to the LORD, and tomorrow the flies will leave Pharaoh and his officials and his people. Only be sure that Pharaoh does not act deceitfully again by not letting the people go to offer sacrifices to the LORD." Exodus 8:28-30 (in Context)
- Exodus 8:30
Then Moses left Pharaoh and prayed to the LORD, Exodus 8:29-31 (in Context)
- Exodus 8:31
and the LORD did what Moses asked: The flies left Pharaoh and his officials and his people; not a fly remained. Exodus 8:30-32 (in Context)
- Exodus 8:32
But this time also Pharaoh hardened his heart and would not let the people go.Exodus 8:31-32 (in Context)
- Exodus 9:1
[ The Plague on Livestock ] Then the LORD said to Moses, "Go to Pharaoh and say to him, 'This is what the LORD, the God of the Hebrews, says: "Let my people go, so that they may worship me." Exodus 9:1-3 (in Context)
- Exodus 9:7
Pharaoh sent men to investigate and found that not even one of the animals of the Israelites had died. Yet his heart was unyielding and he would not let the people go. Exodus 9:6-8 (in Context)
- Exodus 9:8
[ The Plague of Boils ] Then the LORD said to Moses and Aaron, "Take handfuls of soot from a furnace and have Moses toss it into the air in the presence of Pharaoh. Exodus 9:7-9 (in Context)
- Exodus 9:10
So they took soot from a furnace and stood before Pharaoh. Moses tossed it into the air, and festering boils broke out on men and animals. Exodus 9:9-11 (in Context)
- Exodus 9:12
But the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart and he would not listen to Moses and Aaron, just as the LORD had said to Moses. Exodus 9:11-13 (in Context)
- Exodus 9:13
[ The Plague of Hail ] Then the LORD said to Moses, "Get up early in the morning, confront Pharaoh and say to him, 'This is what the LORD, the God of the Hebrews, says: Let my people go, so that they may worship me, Exodus 9:12-14 (in Context)
- Exodus 9:20
Those officials of Pharaoh who feared the word of the LORD hurried to bring their slaves and their livestock inside. Exodus 9:19-21 (in Context)
- Exodus 9:27
Then Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron. "This time I have sinned," he said to them. "The LORD is in the right, and I and my people are in the wrong. Exodus 9:26-28 (in Context)
- Exodus 9:33
Then Moses left Pharaoh and went out of the city. He spread out his hands toward the LORD; the thunder and hail stopped, and the rain no longer poured down on the land. Exodus 9:32-34 (in Context)
- Exodus 9:34
When Pharaoh saw that the rain and hail and thunder had stopped, he sinned again: He and his officials hardened their hearts. Exodus 9:33-35 (in Context)
- Exodus 9:35
So Pharaoh's heart was hard and he would not let the Israelites go, just as the LORD had said through Moses. Exodus 9:34-35 (in Context)
- Exodus 10:1
[ The Plague of Locusts ] Then the LORD said to Moses, "Go to Pharaoh, for I have hardened his heart and the hearts of his officials so that I may perform these miraculous signs of mine among them Exodus 10:1-3 (in Context)
- Exodus 10:3
So Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and said to him, "This is what the LORD, the God of the Hebrews, says: 'How long will you refuse to humble yourself before me? Let my people go, so that they may worship me. Exodus 10:2-4 (in Context)
- Exodus 10:6
They will fill your houses and those of all your officials and all the Egyptians—something neither your fathers nor your forefathers have ever seen from the day they settled in this land till now.' " Then Moses turned and left Pharaoh. Exodus 10:5-7 (in Context)
- Exodus 10:7
Pharaoh's officials said to him, "How long will this man be a snare to us? Let the people go, so that they may worship the LORD their God. Do you not yet realize that Egypt is ruined?" Exodus 10:6-8 (in Context)
- Exodus 10:8
Then Moses and Aaron were brought back to Pharaoh. "Go, worship the LORD your God," he said. "But just who will be going?" Exodus 10:7-9 (in Context)
- Exodus 10:10
Pharaoh said, "The LORD be with you—if I let you go, along with your women and children! Clearly you are bent on evil. Exodus 10:9-11 (in Context)
- Exodus 10:11
No! Have only the men go; and worship the LORD, since that's what you have been asking for." Then Moses and Aaron were driven out of Pharaoh's presence. Exodus 10:10-12 (in Context)
- Exodus 10:16
Pharaoh quickly summoned Moses and Aaron and said, "I have sinned against the LORD your God and against you. Exodus 10:15-17 (in Context)
- Exodus 10:18
Moses then left Pharaoh and prayed to the LORD. Exodus 10:17-19 (in Context)
- Exodus 10:20
But the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he would not let the Israelites go. Exodus 10:19-21 (in Context)
- Exodus 10:24
Then Pharaoh summoned Moses and said, "Go, worship the LORD. Even your women and children may go with you; only leave your flocks and herds behind." Exodus 10:23-25 (in Context)
- Exodus 10:27
But the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he was not willing to let them go. Exodus 10:26-28 (in Context)
- Exodus 10:28
Pharaoh said to Moses, "Get out of my sight! Make sure you do not appear before me again! The day you see my face you will die." Exodus 10:27-29 (in Context)
- Exodus 11:1
[ The Plague on the Firstborn ] Now the LORD had said to Moses, "I will bring one more plague on Pharaoh and on Egypt. After that, he will let you go from here, and when he does, he will drive you out completely. Exodus 11:1-3 (in Context)
- Exodus 11:3
(The LORD made the Egyptians favorably disposed toward the people, and Moses himself was highly regarded in Egypt by Pharaoh's officials and by the people.) Exodus 11:2-4 (in Context)
- Exodus 11:5
Every firstborn son in Egypt will die, from the firstborn son of Pharaoh, who sits on the throne, to the firstborn son of the slave girl, who is at her hand mill, and all the firstborn of the cattle as well. Exodus 11:4-6 (in Context)
- Exodus 11:8
All these officials of yours will come to me, bowing down before me and saying, 'Go, you and all the people who follow you!' After that I will leave." Then Moses, hot with anger, left Pharaoh. Exodus 11:7-9 (in Context)
- Exodus 11:9
The LORD had said to Moses, "Pharaoh will refuse to listen to you—so that my wonders may be multiplied in Egypt." Exodus 11:8-10 (in Context)
- Exodus 11:10
Moses and Aaron performed all these wonders before Pharaoh, but the LORD hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he would not let the Israelites go out of his country. Exodus 11:9-10 (in Context)
- Exodus 12:29
At midnight the LORD struck down all the firstborn in Egypt, from the firstborn of Pharaoh, who sat on the throne, to the firstborn of the prisoner, who was in the dungeon, and the firstborn of all the livestock as well. Exodus 12:28-30 (in Context)
- Exodus 12:30
Pharaoh and all his officials and all the Egyptians got up during the night, and there was loud wailing in Egypt, for there was not a house without someone dead. Exodus 12:29-31 (in Context)
- Exodus 12:31
[ The Exodus ] During the night Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron and said, "Up! Leave my people, you and the Israelites! Go, worship the LORD as you have requested. Exodus 12:30-32 (in Context)
- Exodus 13:15
When Pharaoh stubbornly refused to let us go, the LORD killed every firstborn in Egypt, both man and animal. This is why I sacrifice to the LORD the first male offspring of every womb and redeem each of my firstborn sons.' Exodus 13:14-16 (in Context)
- Exodus 13:17
[ Crossing the Sea ] When Pharaoh let the people go, God did not lead them on the road through the Philistine country, though that was shorter. For God said, "If they face war, they might change their minds and return to Egypt." Exodus 13:16-18 (in Context)
- Exodus 14:3
Pharaoh will think, 'The Israelites are wandering around the land in confusion, hemmed in by the desert.' Exodus 14:2-4 (in Context)
- Exodus 14:4
And I will harden Pharaoh's heart, and he will pursue them. But I will gain glory for myself through Pharaoh and all his army, and the Egyptians will know that I am the LORD." So the Israelites did this. Exodus 14:3-5 (in Context)
- Exodus 14:5
When the king of Egypt was told that the people had fled, Pharaoh and his officials changed their minds about them and said, "What have we done? We have let the Israelites go and have lost their services!" Exodus 14:4-6 (in Context)
- Exodus 14:8
The LORD hardened the heart of Pharaoh king of Egypt, so that he pursued the Israelites, who were marching out boldly. Exodus 14:7-9 (in Context)
- Exodus 14:9
The Egyptians—all Pharaoh's horses and chariots, horsemen and troops—pursued the Israelites and overtook them as they camped by the sea near Pi Hahiroth, opposite Baal Zephon. Exodus 14:8-10 (in Context)
- Exodus 14:10
As Pharaoh approached, the Israelites looked up, and there were the Egyptians, marching after them. They were terrified and cried out to the LORD. Exodus 14:9-11 (in Context)
- Exodus 14:17
I will harden the hearts of the Egyptians so that they will go in after them. And I will gain glory through Pharaoh and all his army, through his chariots and his horsemen. Exodus 14:16-18 (in Context)
- Exodus 14:18
The Egyptians will know that I am the LORD when I gain glory through Pharaoh, his chariots and his horsemen." Exodus 14:17-19 (in Context)
- Exodus 14:23
The Egyptians pursued them, and all Pharaoh's horses and chariots and horsemen followed them into the sea. Exodus 14:22-24 (in Context)
- Exodus 14:28
The water flowed back and covered the chariots and horsemen—the entire army of Pharaoh that had followed the Israelites into the sea. Not one of them survived. Exodus 14:27-29 (in Context)
- Exodus 15:4
Pharaoh's chariots and his army he has hurled into the sea. The best of Pharaoh's officers are drowned in the Red Sea. Exodus 15:3-5 (in Context)
- Exodus 15:19
When Pharaoh's horses, chariots and horsemen went into the sea, the LORD brought the waters of the sea back over them, but the Israelites walked through the sea on dry ground. Exodus 15:18-20 (in Context)
- Exodus 18:4
and the other was named Eliezer, for he said, "My father's God was my helper; he saved me from the sword of Pharaoh." Exodus 18:3-5 (in Context)
- Exodus 18:8
Moses told his father-in-law about everything the LORD had done to Pharaoh and the Egyptians for Israel's sake and about all the hardships they had met along the way and how the LORD had saved them. Exodus 18:7-9 (in Context)
- Exodus 18:10
He said, "Praise be to the LORD, who rescued you from the hand of the Egyptians and of Pharaoh, and who rescued the people from the hand of the Egyptians. Exodus 18:9-11 (in Context)
- Deuteronomy 6:21
tell him: "We were slaves of Pharaoh in Egypt, but the LORD brought us out of Egypt with a mighty hand. Deuteronomy 6:20-22 (in Context)
- Deuteronomy 6:22
Before our eyes the LORD sent miraculous signs and wonders—great and terrible—upon Egypt and Pharaoh and his whole household. Deuteronomy 6:21-23 (in Context)
- Deuteronomy 7:8
But it was because the LORD loved you and kept the oath he swore to your forefathers that he brought you out with a mighty hand and redeemed you from the land of slavery, from the power of Pharaoh king of Egypt. Deuteronomy 7:7-9 (in Context)
- Deuteronomy 7:18
But do not be afraid of them; remember well what the LORD your God did to Pharaoh and to all Egypt. Deuteronomy 7:17-19 (in Context)
- Deuteronomy 11:3
the signs he performed and the things he did in the heart of Egypt, both to Pharaoh king of Egypt and to his whole country; Deuteronomy 11:2-4 (in Context)
- Deuteronomy 29:2
Moses summoned all the Israelites and said to them: Your eyes have seen all that the LORD did in Egypt to Pharaoh, to all his officials and to all his land. Deuteronomy 29:1-3 (in Context)
- Deuteronomy 34:11
who did all those miraculous signs and wonders the LORD sent him to do in Egypt—to Pharaoh and to all his officials and to his whole land. Deuteronomy 34:10-12 (in Context)
- 1 Samuel 2:27
[ Prophecy Against the House of Eli ] Now a man of God came to Eli and said to him, "This is what the LORD says: 'Did I not clearly reveal myself to your father's house when they were in Egypt under Pharaoh? 1 Samuel 2:26-28 (in Context)
- 1 Samuel 6:6
Why do you harden your hearts as the Egyptians and Pharaoh did? When he treated them harshly, did they not send the Israelites out so they could go on their way? 1 Samuel 6:5-7 (in Context)
- 1 Kings 3:1
[ Solomon Asks for Wisdom ] Solomon made an alliance with Pharaoh king of Egypt and married his daughter. He brought her to the City of David until he finished building his palace and the temple of the LORD, and the wall around Jerusalem. 1 Kings 3:1-3 (in Context)
- 1 Kings 7:8
And the palace in which he was to live, set farther back, was similar in design. Solomon also made a palace like this hall for Pharaoh's daughter, whom he had married. 1 Kings 7:7-9 (in Context)
- 1 Kings 9:16
(Pharaoh king of Egypt had attacked and captured Gezer. He had set it on fire. He killed its Canaanite inhabitants and then gave it as a wedding gift to his daughter, Solomon's wife. 1 Kings 9:15-17 (in Context)
- 1 Kings 9:24
After Pharaoh's daughter had come up from the City of David to the palace Solomon had built for her, he constructed the supporting terraces. 1 Kings 9:23-25 (in Context)
- 1 Kings 11:1
[ Solomon's Wives ] King Solomon, however, loved many foreign women besides Pharaoh's daughter—Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Sidonians and Hittites. 1 Kings 11:1-3 (in Context)
- 1 Kings 11:18
They set out from Midian and went to Paran. Then taking men from Paran with them, they went to Egypt, to Pharaoh king of Egypt, who gave Hadad a house and land and provided him with food. 1 Kings 11:17-19 (in Context)
- 1 Kings 11:19
Pharaoh was so pleased with Hadad that he gave him a sister of his own wife, Queen Tahpenes, in marriage. 1 Kings 11:18-20 (in Context)
- 1 Kings 11:20
The sister of Tahpenes bore him a son named Genubath, whom Tahpenes brought up in the royal palace. There Genubath lived with Pharaoh's own children. 1 Kings 11:19-21 (in Context)
- 1 Kings 11:21
While he was in Egypt, Hadad heard that David rested with his fathers and that Joab the commander of the army was also dead. Then Hadad said to Pharaoh, "Let me go, that I may return to my own country." 1 Kings 11:20-22 (in Context)
- 1 Kings 11:22
"What have you lacked here that you want to go back to your own country?" Pharaoh asked. "Nothing," Hadad replied, "but do let me go!" 1 Kings 11:21-23 (in Context)
- 2 Kings 17:7
[ Israel Exiled Because of Sin ] All this took place because the Israelites had sinned against the LORD their God, who had brought them up out of Egypt from under the power of Pharaoh king of Egypt. They worshiped other gods 2 Kings 17:6-8 (in Context)
- 2 Kings 18:21
Look now, you are depending on Egypt, that splintered reed of a staff, which pierces a man's hand and wounds him if he leans on it! Such is Pharaoh king of Egypt to all who depend on him. 2 Kings 18:20-22 (in Context)
- 2 Kings 23:29
While Josiah was king, Pharaoh Neco king of Egypt went up to the Euphrates River to help the king of Assyria. King Josiah marched out to meet him in battle, but Neco faced him and killed him at Megiddo. 2 Kings 23:28-30 (in Context)
- 2 Kings 23:33
Pharaoh Neco put him in chains at Riblah in the land of Hamath so that he might not reign in Jerusalem, and he imposed on Judah a levy of a hundred talents of silver and a talent of gold. (see also Biblical and Talmudic units of measurement) 2 Kings 23:32-34 (in Context)
- 2 Kings 23:34
Pharaoh Neco made Eliakim son of Josiah king in place of his father Josiah and changed Eliakim's name to Jehoiakim. But he took Jehoahaz and carried him off to Egypt, and there he died. 2 Kings 23:33-35 (in Context)
- 2 Kings 23:35
Jehoiakim paid Pharaoh Neco the silver and gold he demanded. In order to do so, he taxed the land and exacted the silver and gold from the people of the land according to their assessments. 2 Kings 23:34-36 (in Context)
- 1 Chronicles 4:18
(His Judean wife gave birth to Jered the father of Gedor, Heber the father of Soco, and Jekuthiel the father of Zanoah.) These were the children of Pharaoh's daughter Bithiah, whom Mered had married. 1 Chronicles 4:17-19 (in Context)
- 2 Chronicles 8:11
Solomon brought Pharaoh's daughter up from the City of David to the palace he had built for her, for he said, "My wife must not live in the palace of David king of Israel, because the places the ark of the LORD has entered are holy." 2 Chronicles 8:10-12 (in Context)
- Nehemiah 9:10
You sent miraculous signs and wonders against Pharaoh, against all his officials and all the people of his land, for you knew how arrogantly the Egyptians treated them. You made a name for yourself, which remains to this day. Nehemiah 9:9-11 (in Context)
- Psalm 135:9
He sent his signs and wonders into your midst, O Egypt, against Pharaoh and all his servants. Psalm 135:8-10 (in Context)
- Psalm 136:15
but swept Pharaoh and his army into the Red Sea; His love endures forever. Psalm 136:14-16 (in Context)
- Song of Solomon 1:9
[ Lover ] I liken you, my darling, to a mare harnessed to one of the chariots of Pharaoh. Song of Solomon 1:8-10 (in Context)
- Isaiah 19:11
The officials of Zoan are nothing but fools; the wise counselors of Pharaoh give senseless advice. How can you say to Pharaoh, "I am one of the wise men, a disciple of the ancient kings"? Isaiah 19:10-12 (in Context)
- Isaiah 30:2
who go down to Egypt without consulting me; who look for help to Pharaoh's protection, to Egypt's shade for refuge. Isaiah 30:1-3 (in Context)
- Isaiah 30:3
But Pharaoh's protection will be to your shame, Egypt's shade will bring you disgrace. Isaiah 30:2-4 (in Context)
- Isaiah 36:6
Look now, you are depending on Egypt, that splintered reed of a staff, which pierces a man's hand and wounds him if he leans on it! Such is Pharaoh king of Egypt to all who depend on him. Isaiah 36:5-7 (in Context)
- Jeremiah 25:19
Pharaoh king of Egypt, his attendants, his officials and all his people, Jeremiah 25:18-20 (in Context)
- Jeremiah 37:5
Pharaoh's army had marched out of Egypt, and when the Babylonians who were besieging Jerusalem heard the report about them, they withdrew from Jerusalem. Jeremiah 37:4-6 (in Context)
- Jeremiah 37:7
"This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: Tell the king of Judah, who sent you to inquire of me, 'Pharaoh's army, which has marched out to support you, will go back to its own land, to Egypt. Jeremiah 37:6-8 (in Context)
- Jeremiah 37:11
After the Babylonian army had withdrawn from Jerusalem because of Pharaoh's army, Jeremiah 37:10-12 (in Context)
- Jeremiah 43:9
"While the Jews are watching, take some large stones with you and bury them in clay in the brick pavement at the entrance to Pharaoh's palace in Tahpanhes. Jeremiah 43:8-10 (in Context)
- Jeremiah 44:30
This is what the LORD says: 'I am going to hand Pharaoh Hophra king of Egypt over to his enemies who seek his life, just as I handed Zedekiah king of Judah over to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, the enemy who was seeking his life.' " Jeremiah 44:29-30 (in Context)
- Jeremiah 46:2
Concerning Egypt: This is the message against the army of Pharaoh Neco king of Egypt, which was defeated at Carchemish on the Euphrates River by Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon in the fourth year of Jehoiakim son of Josiah king of Judah: Jeremiah 46:1-3 (in Context)
- Jeremiah 46:17
There they will exclaim, 'Pharaoh king of Egypt is only a loud noise; he has missed his opportunity.' Jeremiah 46:16-18 (in Context)
- Jeremiah 46:25
The LORD Almighty, the God of Israel, says: "I am about to bring punishment on Amon god of Thebes, on Pharaoh, on Egypt and her gods and her kings, and on those who rely on Pharaoh. Jeremiah 46:24-26 (in Context)
- Jeremiah 47:1
[ A Message About the Philistines ] This is the word of the LORD that came to Jeremiah the prophet concerning the Philistines before Pharaoh attacked Gaza: Jeremiah 47:1-3 (in Context)
- Ezekiel 17:17
Pharaoh with his mighty army and great horde will be of no help to him in war, when ramps are built and siege works erected to destroy many lives. Ezekiel 17:16-18 (in Context)
- Ezekiel 29:2
"Son of man, set your face against Pharaoh king of Egypt and prophesy against him and against all Egypt. Ezekiel 29:1-3 (in Context)
- Ezekiel 29:3
Speak to him and say: 'This is what the Sovereign LORD says: " 'I am against you, Pharaoh king of Egypt, you great monster lying among your streams. You say, "The Nile is mine; I made it for myself." Ezekiel 29:2-4 (in Context)
- Ezekiel 30:21
"Son of man, I have broken the arm of Pharaoh king of Egypt. It has not been bound up for healing or put in a splint so as to become strong enough to hold a sword. Ezekiel 30:20-22 (in Context)
- Ezekiel 30:22
Therefore this is what the Sovereign LORD says: I am against Pharaoh king of Egypt. I will break both his arms, the good arm as well as the broken one, and make the sword fall from his hand. Ezekiel 30:21-23 (in Context)
- Ezekiel 30:24
I will strengthen the arms of the king of Babylon and put my sword in his hand, but I will break the arms of Pharaoh, and he will groan before him like a mortally wounded man. Ezekiel 30:23-25 (in Context)
- Ezekiel 30:25
I will strengthen the arms of the king of Babylon, but the arms of Pharaoh will fall limp. Then they will know that I am the LORD, when I put my sword into the hand of the king of Babylon and he brandishes it against Egypt. Ezekiel 30:24-26 (in Context)
- Ezekiel 31:2
"Son of man, say to Pharaoh king of Egypt and to his hordes: " 'Who can be compared with you in majesty? Ezekiel 31:1-3 (in Context)
- Ezekiel 31:18
" 'Which of the trees of Eden can be compared with you in splendor and majesty? Yet you, too, will be brought down with the trees of Eden to the earth below; you will lie among the uncircumcised, with those killed by the sword. " 'This is Pharaoh and all his hordes, declares the Sovereign LORD.' " Ezekiel 31:17-18 (in Context)
- Ezekiel 32:1
[ A Lament for Pharaoh ] In the twelfth year, in the twelfth month on the first day, the word of the LORD came to me: Ezekiel 32:1-3 (in Context)
- Ezekiel 32:2
"Son of man, take up a lament concerning Pharaoh king of Egypt and say to him: " 'You are like a lion among the nations; you are like a monster in the seas thrashing about in your streams, churning the water with your feet and muddying the streams. Ezekiel 32:1-3 (in Context)
- Ezekiel 32:28
"You too, O Pharaoh, will be broken and will lie among the uncircumcised, with those killed by the sword. Ezekiel 32:27-29 (in Context)
- Ezekiel 32:31
"Pharaoh—he and all his army—will see them and he will be consoled for all his hordes that were killed by the sword, declares the Sovereign LORD. Ezekiel 32:30-32 (in Context)
- Ezekiel 32:32
Although I had him spread terror in the land of the living, Pharaoh and all his hordes will be laid among the uncircumcised, with those killed by the sword, declares the Sovereign LORD." Ezekiel 32:31-32 (in Context)New TestamentActs 7:10 and rescued him from all his troubles. He gave Joseph wisdom and enabled him to gain the goodwill of Pharaoh king of Egypt; so he made him ruler over Egypt and all his palace. Acts 7:9-11 (in Context)
- Acts 7:13
On their second visit, Joseph told his brothers who he was, and Pharaoh learned about Joseph's family. Acts 7:12-14 (in Context)
- Acts 7:21
When he was placed outside, Pharaoh's daughter took him and brought him up as her own son. Acts 7:20-22 (in Context)
- Romans 9:17
For the Scripture says to Pharaoh: "I raised you up for this very purpose, that I might display my power in you and that my name might be proclaimed in all the earth." Romans 9:16-18 (in Context)
- Hebrews 11:24
By faith Moses, when he had grown up, refused to be known as the son of Pharaoh's daughter. Hebrews 11:23-25 (in Context)
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